The quest to discover what Jane Austen truly looked like has intrigued scholars, fans, and historians for centuries. Despite her profound influence on literature, only a few images of her exist, and even fewer are considered authentic representations. Among these, the most recognized are two portraits created by her sister, Cassandra Austen. However, the journey to these images is as layered and nuanced as Austen's own novels.
The only authenticated likeness of Jane Austen is a small pencil and watercolor sketch made by her sister, Cassandra, around 1810. This intimate portrayal, measuring just 4½ by 3⅛ inches, is housed in the National Portrait Gallery in London. While the sketch is delicate and personal, it offers a rare glimpse into the author's appearance.
Additionally, Cassandra created a back-view portrait of Jane in 1804, showcasing her sister from behind, a perspective that, while unique, doesn't provide a clear view of Jane's facial features.
Back-veiw portrait of Jane Austen by Cassandra Austen, 1804.
Portrait of Jane Austen by Cassandra Austen, ca. 1810.
There are two silhouettes, one of which is said to be a self portrait.
Silhouette of "L'aimable Jane" by unknown artist. (National Portrait Gallery, London)
The Victorian Adaptation: A Sentimentalized Image
In the 19th century, a more sentimentalized version of Jane Austen emerged. This portrayal, often depicted in cloth-of-gold attire with a pained expression, was widely circulated and became the default image of Austen in popular media. However, this version is not based on any authentic likeness and is considered a romanticized fabrication.
Modern Interpretations and Forensic Reconstructions
In 2001, the Jane Austen Centre in Bath, England, commissioned a new portrait of Jane Austen from professional portrait painter and forensic artist Melissa Dring.
Using family portraits—including those of Jane’s parents and siblings—as references, she began with Cassandra Austen’s original sketch of Jane, adjusting it to show her slightly younger, as she might have appeared during her years in Bath, from 1801 to 1806. Most importantly, Dring hoped to reflect the lively, witty personality so evident in her novels and contemporary accounts.
Dring incorporated authentic family features into the portrait: Jane’s bright eyes, long nose, small mouth, curly brown hair, and healthy complexion. She also considered historical accounts describing Jane as elegant, with upright posture and a clear, brunette complexion. Attention to detail extended to her costume and surroundings: the cap, muslin dress, and writing implements were all historically accurate, researched through visits to collections at Berrington Hall and guidance from costume experts. Even the topaz cross on Jane’s gold chain, a gift from her brother Charles, was included, adding personal and familial context.
Above all, Dring aimed to capture Austen’s complex character: private, observant, playful, and deeply humorous. The portrait reflects her subtle amusement and intellectual sparkle, hinting at the cleverness and insight that pervade her novels. While it is impossible to know exactly what Jane looked like, Dring’s meticulous research and artistry sought to create a portrait that is both historically informed and true to Austen’s spirit—a quiet yet powerful representation of the beloved author.
Forensic artist illustration by Melissa Dring.
The journey to uncover Jane Austen's true likeness is a testament to the enduring fascination with her life and works. While the original sketches by Cassandra Austen provide the closest representations, the evolution of her image reflects society's changing perceptions and the timeless allure of her literary genius. As we continue to explore and reinterpret her life, the quest to visualize Jane Austen remains a captivating endeavor.
Sources:
”Cassandra Austen’s Artwork”, Digital Jane Austen.
”Portraits of Jane Austen”, Jane Austen Society of America.
“The Jane Austen Portrait.” The Jane Austen Centre.
“Jane Austen’s Biography: Life (1775–1817) and Family.” Pemberley – The Republic of Pemberley.
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